ひな雪さんの おぼえた日記 - 2023年4月22日(土)

■ビジネス英語 Interview Leonard Slatkin　３
〇Listening point
1 What makes an orchestra similar to a computer?
2 What changed after the majority of the NHK Symphony Orchestra became Japanese?

Shibata:
You mentioned in your book “Classical Crossroads” that the guest conductor should inherit the sound associated with that orchestra's music director.　In that context, could you describe the distinctive qualities or styles of the NHK Symphony Orchestra?

Leonard Slatkin:
I think it's important to understand and perhaps make a parallel to the business world here.
If you run a company that makes computers, you're in competition with many companies who make computers.
But a computer basically is the same thing no matter who's running the company.　(That's right.)
It has a job to do.

So what makes one computer different than another one?
It's the little details.
It might be the way the keyboard feels, could be the processor, could be a lot of different things.
But essentially, it's the same thing.
An orchestra is like that.
We have the same number of violins, trumpets....
The members of the orchestra are the same.
But what makes one orchestra different from another one?

Now, the NHK Symphony is a very special example.
When I first started coming to Japan, in the early 1980's, Japan was still under the influence of musicians who'd come from other countries.

Today, in the NHK, I don't know that there are any musicians left from other countries.
I think maybe they're almost all Japanese.

So what changed?
Well, the musicians gradually learned everything they needed know from Europeans who were here.
And they found their own voice as an orchestra.

In the woodwinds, for example, here, the instruments themselves often are made in Japan.
That makes a difference.
The wood is different - even the kind of metal is different.
So there's a special sound.

The strings, which is the hearts of the orchestra, the string section - that's what makes an orchestra different than a band ...
The strings come from ,any different schools of thought, so many of the players will have studied either in Europe or in the States or here, so they bring different thoughts.

inherit　　　　　受け継ぐ
associated with ～を連想させる　～と関係がある
make a parallel to
It has a job to do. コンピューター(it)には果たすべき役割がある
woodwinds　　　　木管楽器
band　　　　　　　吹奏楽団
school of thought　流派

〇Answers to Listening Points
1 The fact that it's essentially the same thing despite differences in small details.
2 They found their own voice as an orchestra.

〇相手の話を受ける一言
It seems there were quite a few foreign instrumentalists in the early '80s, but there must have been many Japanese applicants to join the orchestra.
*instrumentalist　演奏家
*quite a few　かなり多い数の

〇質問
なぜ楽団は、国内からではなく外国から音楽家を迎えたのでしょうか？
→Why did the orchestra bring in musicians from abroad rather that within the country?

■マッテオのレシピ１２か月【３月】Zeppole di San Giuseppe　料理の手順
①シュー生地の準備から始めましょう。
Inziamo preparando la pasta choux.

②小さめの鍋に水と少しの塩をいれ、小さく切ったバターを溶かします。
In un pentolino con dell'acqua e un po' di sale facciamo sciogliere il burro tagliato a pezzetti.

③沸騰する少し前に火から外し、小麦粉を一度に加えます。
Poco prima di raggiungere il bollore togliamo dal fuoco e aggiungiamo la farina in una sola volta.

④力を込めてかき回し、材料をよく混ぜ合わせましょう。
Mescoriamo energicamente, facendo amalgamare bene gli ingredienti.

⑤再び数分間火にかけたのち、ボウルに移して冷まします。
Cuociamo ancora per qualche minuto e lasciamo raffreddare in una ciotola.

⑥卵を一つずつ加え、その都度によく混ぜましょう。
Aggiungiamo un uovo alla volta e mescoliamo bene.

⑦生地を星形の口金が付いた絞り袋に移します。
Trasferiamo l'impasto in un sac à poche a bocchetta stellata.

⑧オーブンシートをひいた天板に、生地をリング状に２回絞り出し、円を重ねたものをいくつか作ったら、あらかじめ温めておいたオーブンで２５分焼きます。
Su una teglia foderata con carta da forno formiamo delle ciambelle, facendo due giri una sopra l'altro e facciamo cuocere in forno preriscaldato per circa 25 minuti.
　（*いくつか：分量通りなら４個です）

⑨その間にカスタードクリームを準備しましょう
Nel frattempo prepariamo la crema pasticcera.

⑩火を消した状態で、小鍋で卵黄と砂糖を混ぜ合わせます。
In un pentolino a fuoco spento mescoliamo u tuori con lo zucchero.

⑪小麦粉を加え、水分を吸収させましょう。
Uniamo la farina e la facciamo assorbire.

⑫牛乳をいれて混ぜたら、滑らかで濃密なクリーム状になるまで火にかけましょう。
Versiamo il latte, mescoliamo e facciamo cuocere fino a quando non avremo ottenuto una crema liscia e compatta.

⑬クリームを口金付きの絞り袋に移し、シュー生地の上に絞り出しましょう。
Trasferiamo la crema in un sac à poche e ricopriamo le ciambelle.

⑭シロップ漬けのアマレーナと粉砂糖で飾り付けして、いざ食卓へ。
Decoriamo conle amarene sciroppate e lo zucchero a velo, e serviamo!

② sciogliere　溶かす
a pezzetti　　（成句）　小さく、細かく
③raggiungere 　追いつく　到達する
bollore　　　（名）沸騰
togliere　　　　移す　取り除く
in una sola volta　一度に
④energicamente（副）元気よく
amalgamare　　　混ぜる
⑤raffreddare　　冷ます
ciotra　　　　　ボウル　小鉢
⑥alla volta　（成句）一度に～ずつ
⑧teglia　　　　天板
foderata　　　　裏打ちされた　敷いた
ciambelle　　　リング状のもの
due giri　　　　２周　　　　　
uno sopra l'altro　もう一方の上に
preriscaldato　（形）予熱した
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